Biochar and bio-oil have been utilized as a renewable biomass resource to develop sustainable and eco-friendly pavements. This paper focuses on the influence of biochar as an asphalt modifier on the improvement of high-temperature performance of asphalt. Bio-oils are thought to be potentials for petroleum binders used in asphalt pavement because of the renewability and environmental friendliness. The pavement performance of the biochar modified asphalt mixtures, including Marshall stability, moisture susceptibility and deformation resistance performance were evaluated. The interaction mechanism between the biochar and the binder was explored using scanning electron microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In addition, the observed increase in the complex modulus, rutting factor, and viscosity– temperature index contributed to the improvement of temperature sensitivity and anti-rutting properties. These relationships are attributed to the fact that biochar has a fibrous porous structure and forms a skeleton and stiffening zone in the binder. Moreover, the FTIR results showed that no new chemical functional groups appeared after the incorporation of biochar into the binder. The internal chemical environment of the biochar-modified asphalt binder was different from that of the matrix asphalt. In conclusion, biochar is feasible as a modifier for binders owing to its high-temperature properties. Based on the lab results, waste wood based biochar has the great potential to be used as VOCs (Volatile organic compounds) inhibitors. A novel metal oxide biochar composite can be used as